Use lowercase for the text of in-sentence lists items, except when regular capitalization rules require caps. Revision: The following items are needed for this project: tape, scissors, and white-out.
We will focus specifically on Combining Clauses , which serves to express complex ideas within one sentence. We can link clauses with conjunctives, or words that illustrate the meaning between two clauses. If these words and punctuation marks are used incorrectly, sentence structure problems can occur. There are two kinds of clauses: independent clauses , which convey complete meaning and can stand alone as simple sentences, and dependent clauses , which do not express a complete idea on their own and must be paired with another clause.
We use different conjunctive words and punctuation to connect these different types of clauses. She had no natural grace or sense of rhythm. She eventually gave up the idea of becoming a dancer.
Join multiple actions by the same agent into one sentence by using subordination phrases beginning with if, when, after, as, etc. Mary went to work but John went to the party. Our car broke down; we came last. There are seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so Complex Sentence Structure A complex sentence consists of an independent clause plus a dependent clause. We missed our plane because we were late.
Our dog barks when she hears a noise. He left in a hurry after he got a phone call. Do you know the man who is talking to Mary? Here are some common subordinating conjunctions: after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while Here are the five basic relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom, whose Compound-Complex Sentence Structure A compound-complex sentence consists of at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
John didn't come because he was ill so Mary was not happy. He left in a hurry after he got a phone call but he came back five minutes later. This list shows different types of relationships along with the connectors that indicate those relationships:. Potato Head, because she loves us so much, has offered to make her special monkey souffle for us. Two or more independent clauses PLUS one or more dependent clauses. Find the connectors, then find the verbs and subjects that are part of each clause.
Potato Head said that he would share the secret recipe; however, if he does, Mrs. Try this: Use a fourth color to highlight the compound-complex sentences in your text the ones with at least two independent and at least one dependent clauses. Look at the balance of the four different colors.
Do you see one color standing out? Do you notice one missing entirely? If so, examine your text carefully while you ask these questions:. You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
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