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Contact afpserv aafp. Want to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions. Read the Issue. Sign Up Now. Previous: Erythema Multiforme. Dec 1, Issue. C 24 BNP testing is a useful tool in predicting prognoses in patients with heart failure and appears to be a stronger predictor than some traditional indicators e. C 33 BNP is a predictor of death and cardiovascular events in persons without a previous cardiac dysfunction diagnosis.
C 33 It is premature to use BNP for treatment monitoring in patients with heart failure until further randomized controlled trials are completed. Read the full article.
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Your results will indicate if your BNP levels are high enough to suspect a diagnosis of heart failure. If you already have a diagnosis of heart failure, the results can help your doctor find out whether heart failure treatments are helping treat it. But normal BNP levels may vary depending on your age and sex. BNP levels increase naturally as you age, and people assigned female at birth typically have higher levels.
Underlying conditions can raise your levels too. Your doctor may use BNP tests alongside other diagnostic tests to confirm if you have heart failure, or if other conditions are responsible for the increase in your BNP levels. This test has a 98 percent success rate in ruling out heart failure as a cause of increased BNP levels. Exercise may cause BNP levels to rise temporarily. Stress can raise your levels of the hormone cortisol, which can also temporarily increase BNP levels. Improving your heart health can help reduce the effects of heart failure and other heart conditions.
Consider these heart-healthy steps and ways to manage heart failure:. Depending on the cause of your heart failure and other conditions, your doctor may recommend the following:. If high BNP levels indicate heart failure, your doctor will let you know what steps you need to take to prevent complications of this condition. See your doctor regularly to monitor your BNP levels if needed. Follow any instructions your doctor gives you to maintain your best heart health.
Learn about heart failure symptoms, causes, and…. Learn about tips for having a heart-healthy diet and what the research says about the effects of alcohol, calcium, sugar, and caffeine on your heart. Heart disease is one of the leading health risks facing men today. Here's how to recognize common signs and see if you're at high risk of developing…. If your doctor suspects that you've recently had a heart attack, you may be given a cardiac enzyme test.
Find out what it measures, what it means, and…. They are part of the body's natural defense mechanisms designed to protect the heart from stress. And they surge into action when they are needed most, when the heart itself is under siege. It sounds like alphabet soup, but it's actually modern cardiology at its best. Congestive heart failure results when the heart muscle is weakened. The most common causes are coronary artery disease and hypertension.
In other cases, heart valve disease is to blame. Less often, various heart muscle diseases cardiomyopathies are responsible; in men, their chief causes include viral infections, alcohol abuse, excessively high iron levels, and certain genetic disorders.
The heart's job is to collect blood from the veins, then pump it through the arteries to all the body's tissues. In CHF, the weakened pump is not up to the task; the tissues don't get all the oxygen-rich blood they need, and blood backs up in the lungs and then the veins. The lack of sufficient tissue oxygen makes people with congestive heart failure feel weak and tired.
Muscle function suffers, making it hard to get around. Kidney function is also impaired, sometimes permanently, adding to the fatigue and complicating treatment. Deprived of its full complement of blood, the brain can slow down along with the rest of the body, producing lethargy, confusion, and even grogginess. The backup of blood produces even more symptoms; it's what puts the congestion in congestive heart failure. Shortness of breath is a prime complaint.
At first, it occurs only during physical exertion, but advanced CHF makes breathing a chore even at rest. Patients with congestive heart failure often need to sleep on extra pillows because they get terribly winded if they lie flat; they can even be awakened by shortness of breath so severe that they have to sit bolt upright. Wheezing and coughing are also among the congestive symptoms of CHF, and the wet lungs are unusually susceptible to pneumonia.
Worst of all is acute pulmonary edema, a critical shortness of breath due to fluid in the lungs that requires immediate treatment. As fluid builds up, it can accumulate elsewhere in the body. Because gravity draws fluid downward, the feet and legs often become puffy during the day, only to slim down in bed at night. In addition, the abdomen may become bloated, and fluid in the liver can cause damage that may be permanent cardiac cirrhosis.
Fluid can also accumulate in the scrotum and penis, producing swelling that can be substantial. Urinary symptoms are common in CHF, and they may confuse older men who also have symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH. In severe CHF, though, urine output is diminished both day and night. Advanced CHF can also produce severe weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss known as cardiac cachexia. These patients look as if they have widespread cancer, not heart disease.
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