The sedating antidepressants most commonly used to help with sleep include Trazodone Desyrel , Amitriptyline Elavil , and Doxepin Sinequan.
It should be noted that when these medications are used for sleeping and pain relieving properties, it is in much lower doses than when used in the treatment of depression.
Benefits of these antidepressants include:. Some individuals do experience adverse side effects, including such things as dry mouth, blurred vision, a "hangover" in the morning, constipation, urinary retention, and nausea. Antidepressants: Definitive Guide. We included any dose of antidepressant but not combinations with another antidepressant compared with placebo pretend treatment , other medicines for insomnia e.
We reviewed 23 studies with people with insomnia. Overall, the quality of the evidence was low due to a small number of people in the studies, and problems with how the studies were undertaken and reported. We often could not combine the individual study results.
There was low quality evidence to support short-term i. There was no evidence for the antidepressant amitriptyline, which is commonly used in clinical practice, or to support long-term antidepressant use for insomnia. The evidence did not support the clinical current practice of prescribing antidepressants for insomnia.
High quality trials of antidepressants for insomnia are needed to provide better evidence to inform clinical practice. Additionally, health professionals and patients should be made aware of the current paucity of evidence for antidepressants commonly used for insomnia management.
We identified relatively few, mostly small studies with short-term follow-up and design limitations. The effects of SSRIs compared with placebo are uncertain with too few studies to draw clear conclusions. There may be a small improvement in sleep quality with short-term use of low-dose doxepin and trazodone compared with placebo. The tolerability and safety of antidepressants for insomnia is uncertain due to limited reporting of adverse events.
There was no evidence for amitriptyline despite common use in clinical practice or for long-term antidepressant use for insomnia. High-quality trials of antidepressants for insomnia are needed. Insomnia disorder is a subjective condition of unsatisfactory sleep e. Insomnia disorder impairs quality of life and is associated with an increased risk of physical and mental health problems including anxiety, depression, drug and alcohol abuse, and increased health service use.
Antidepressant use for insomnia is widespread, but none is licensed for insomnia and the evidence for their efficacy is unclear. This use of unlicensed medications may be driven by concern over longer-term use of hypnotics and the limited availability of psychological treatments. We updated the searches to December , but these results have not yet been incorporated into the review.
Randomised controlled trials RCTs of adults aged 18 years or older with a primary diagnosis of insomnia and all participant types including people with comorbidities. Any antidepressant as monotherapy at any dose whether compared with placebo, other medications for insomnia e.
Volume 4, Issue 2. Previous Article Next Article. Article Navigation. Research Article March 01 Antidepressant management of insomnia disorder in the absence of a mood disorder Pargol K.
This Site. Google Scholar. Susie H. Mental Health Clinician 4 2 : 41— Get Permissions. Cite Icon Cite. Table 1. Antidepressants used in the treatment of insomnia. View large. View Large. National Institutes of Health.
Search ADS. Drugs used to treat insomnia in regulatory-based rather than evidence-based medicine. Clinical guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic insomnia in adults.
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